Giraffe is
an East African animal. The linguists believe that it was called zarafa in some
African language from where it was adopted in Arabic, changed to giraffa in
Italian and to jarraf or ziraph
in middle English and finally as giraffe in English. The meaning of the original African word zarafa
is not known.
Why and
how do you think that our ancestors who saw it for the first time would have
named it? Suppose you were present with those ancestors and were asked to name
it. Giraffe’s unique identity is its long neck. Naturally, you would have
searched for a word with the meaning: 'long-necked'. Interestingly the
word in Sanskrit for the neck is greeva (ग्रीवा). And 'graiva'
(ग्रैव) means representing the neck, 'graivey'
(ग्रैवय) means 'relating the neck'. It seems that our ancestors in Africa
used the word GREEVYA (ग्रीव्या) that would mean 'the necked-one'. The word
GREEVYA might have changed to zarafa > giraffe by simple mutations:
GREEVYA ग्रीव्या
GAREVAYA
ZAREVAYA
ZARABAYA
ZARYABA
ZARYAFA
ZARAFA (Arabic)
GARAFA>GIRAFA
(Italian)
JARRAF (M. English)
ZIRAF (M. English)
GIRAFFE
(English)
Although giraffe is an east African
animal, it has been sculpted on the walls of the 13th century Sun temple KONARK
in Odisha (India). There is evidence of sea trade between India and Africa in
ancient times. What did the ancient Indian call giraffe when they imported it? They called it CHITRA-GREEVIN
(चित्र-ग्रीविन) and CHITRA-USHTRA (चित्र-उष्ट्र) which mean spotted camel! The word GREEVIN
(ग्रीविन) which sound and
means similar to GREEVYA that was used by our ancestors in Africa for giraffe had
already been exhausted for naming camel by our Indian ancestors. But
about camel; some other day.
___________________________________________________________
Reference:Word Origin & History
giraffe
1594, from It. giraffa, from Ar. zarafa, probably from an African language. Earlier M.E. spellings varied wildly, depending on the source, including jarraf, ziraph, and gerfauntz, the last apparently reflecting some confusion with olifaunt "elephant." Replaced earlier camelopard, a compound of camel for long neck) and pard "leopard" (for spots)
camel (for the long neck) and pard (1) "leopard" (for the spots).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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कल्पना कीजीये उस
समय की, जब
किसी भी मनुष्य ने पहली बार जिराफ को देखा था। हमारे उस पूर्वज ने उसे क्या नाम दिया होगा? चलिये आप ही बताइये कि अगर आप वहाँ होते तो क्या नाम देते। जिराफ
की अतुलनीय पहचान है उसकी गरदन। निश्चय ही
आप जिराफ को कोई ऐसा नाम देते जिसका अर्थ होता: 'लंबी गर्दन वाला' या 'जहां
तक देखो गरदन'। संस्कृत में गरदन को कहते हैं 'ग्रीवा'। 'ग्रैव्य' है गरदन से संबन्धित। जी हाँ, हमारे
पुरखो ने इस प्राणी के नामकरण
के लिए 'ग्रीव्या' शब्द की रचना की होगी। हम तक
पहुँचते हुए ग्रीव्या शब्द
बदल कर जिराफ़ कुछ इस तरह से हुआ होगा :
ग्रीव्या
गरीवया
गरवया
जरवया
जरबया
जरयबा
जरयफा
जराफा
(अफ्रीकी भाषा )
जराफा
(अरबी)
जिराफा
(इटालियन)
जिराफ (अङ्ग्रेज़ी)
यूं तो जिराफ केवल पूर्वी अफ्रीका में ही
पाया जाता है, किन्तु 13वीं शताब्दी में बने विश्वविख्यात कोणार्क सूर्य मंदिर (ओडीशा, भारत) की दीवार में जिराफ़ की सुंदर आकृति बनी
हुई है। अगर प्राचीन भारतीय अफ्रीका से
जिराफ़ भारत में लाते थे, तो फिर वे इसे क्या कहते थे? वह संस्कृत में जिराफ
को चित्रग्रीविन और चित्रोष्ट्र अर्थात धारीदार ऊंट कहते थे । ग्रीवीन शब्द से वे पहले ही ऊंट का
नामकरण कर चुके थे फिर जिराफ को ग्रीव्या कहने से भ्रम बनता। ख़ैर, ग्रीवीन, उष्ट्र
और ऊंट की बात फिर कभी।
It is so convincing. Too eager to wait for CAMEL !!!
ReplyDeleteOh yes. Camel is coming in a few days.
ReplyDelete